feat(fw): Renderer-Rewrite + auto-apply + Anti-Lockout

internal/firewall/firewall.go komplett neu: joint zone-iface-mapping
(network_interfaces.role), address objects + groups (members
expandiert), services + groups, rules, nat-rules. Output: einheitliche
View mit Legs (rule × service cross-product) damit das Template kein
sub-template/dict braucht.

Template:
* Anti-Lockout-Block am input-chain-Top (SSH+443 immer erlaubt,
  KANN nicht von Custom-Rules overruled werden — User-Wunsch).
* Rules: pro Leg eine nft-Zeile mit iif/oif sets, ip saddr/daddr,
  proto+dport, optional log-prefix.
* prerouting_nat: iteriert dnat-Rules.
* postrouting_nat: snat + masquerade.

Auto-apply: FirewallHandler bekommt einen Reloader-Hook der nach
jedem POST/PUT/DELETE aufgerufen wird. main.go injected
firewall.New(pool).Render — schreibt + sudo nft -f.

Sudoers (/etc/sudoers.d/edgeguard): NOPASSWD für 'nft -f
/etc/edgeguard/nftables.d/ruleset.nft'. configgen.ReloadService
nutzt jetzt sudo (haproxy reload klappte vorher nicht aus dem
edgeguard-User).

Frontend (Sweep): style={{ marginBottom: 16 }} → className="mb-16"
in allen 7 Firewall-Tabs — User-Feedback "globales CSS statt inline".

Live auf 89.163.205.6: nft list table inet edgeguard zeigt
Anti-Lockout + Baseline + Cluster-Peer-Set + (jetzt noch leere)
Custom-Rules-Sektion. render-config postinst-mäßig sauber.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

cmd/edgeguard-api/main.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 
 	"git.netcell-it.de/projekte/edgeguard-native/internal/cluster"
 	"git.netcell-it.de/projekte/edgeguard-native/internal/database"
+	firewallrender "git.netcell-it.de/projekte/edgeguard-native/internal/firewall"
 	"git.netcell-it.de/projekte/edgeguard-native/internal/handlers"
 	"git.netcell-it.de/projekte/edgeguard-native/internal/handlers/response"
 	"git.netcell-it.de/projekte/edgeguard-native/internal/services/acme"
@@ -150,7 +151,12 @@ func main() {
 		handlers.NewIPAddressesHandler(ipsRepo, auditRepo, nodeID).Register(authed)
 		handlers.NewClusterHandler(clusterStore, nodeID).Register(authed)
 		handlers.NewTLSCertsHandler(tlsRepo, auditRepo, nodeID, acmeService).Register(authed)
-		handlers.NewFirewallHandler(fwAddrObj, fwAddrGrp, fwSvc, fwSvcGrp, fwRules, fwNAT, auditRepo, nodeID).Register(authed)
+		// Firewall reload: nach jeder Mutation den Renderer neu fahren
+		// (writes ruleset.nft + sudo nft -f). Errors loggen, nicht failen.
+		fwReloader := func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			return firewallrender.New(pool).Render(ctx)
+		}
+		handlers.NewFirewallHandler(fwAddrObj, fwAddrGrp, fwSvc, fwSvcGrp, fwRules, fwNAT, auditRepo, nodeID, fwReloader).Register(authed)
 	}
 
 	mountUI(r)

internal/configgen/configgen.go

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
 )
 
 // Generator is the contract every per-service renderer satisfies.
@@ -70,17 +71,18 @@ func AtomicWrite(path string, data []byte, mode os.FileMode) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// ReloadService sends `systemctl reload <name>`. Returns the
+// ReloadService runs `sudo -n systemctl reload <name>.service`.
-// CombinedOutput on failure so the caller can surface the actual
+// edgeguard-api runs as the unprivileged `edgeguard` user; postinst
-// systemd error to the operator.
+// installs a sudoers entry NOPASSWD-ing exactly this command per
+// service that needs it.
 //
 // Some services don't support reload (nftables — no daemon); for
 // those, callers should run the service-specific reload directly
 // rather than calling this helper.
 func ReloadService(name string) error {
-	cmd := exec.Command("systemctl", "reload", name)
+	cmd := exec.Command("sudo", "-n", "/usr/bin/systemctl", "reload", name+".service")
 	if out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("systemctl reload %s: %w (output: %s)", name, err, string(out))
+		return fmt.Errorf("sudo systemctl reload %s.service: %w (output: %s)", name, err, strings.TrimSpace(string(out)))
 	}
 	return nil
 }

internal/firewall/firewall.go

@@ -1,13 +1,20 @@
 // Package firewall renders /etc/edgeguard/nftables.d/ruleset.nft from
-// the relational state in PG (firewall_rules + ha_nodes).
+// the v2 (Fortigate-style) firewall tables.
 //
-// The base ruleset is hard-coded in the template (default-deny input,
+// Render flow:
-// stateful baseline, SSH rate-limit, public :80 / :443, peer mTLS on
-// :8443 from cluster IPs). Operator-defined rows in firewall_rules
-// land at the bottom of input/forward/output.
 //
-// Reload uses `nft -f <path>` (atomic ruleset replace) — there is no
+//  1. loadView pulls everything: zone→iface mapping (from
-// systemctl reload for nftables.
+//     network_interfaces.role), address-objects + groups, services
+//     + groups, policy rules, nat rules, ha_nodes peer IPs.
+//  2. Each rule and nat-rule is "resolved" — group references
+//     replaced with their primitive members, FQDNs left as comments
+//     (Phase-3 DNS-resolution sidecar will materialise them).
+//  3. The template emits one nft file with: zone-iface sets, peer
+//     sets, default-deny baseline, forward + input chains carrying
+//     the resolved rules (priority-sorted), nat prerouting +
+//     postrouting chains.
+//  4. Atomic write + `sudo nft -f` (sudoers-rule installed by
+//     postinst).
 package firewall
 
 import (
@@ -18,6 +25,8 @@ import (
 	"net"
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
 	"text/template"
 
 	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgxpool"
@@ -28,7 +37,9 @@ import (
 //go:embed ruleset.nft.tpl
 var rulesTpl string
 
-var tpl = template.Must(template.New("ruleset").Parse(rulesTpl))
+var tpl = template.Must(template.New("ruleset").Funcs(template.FuncMap{
+	"join": strings.Join,
+}).Parse(rulesTpl))
 
 type Generator struct {
 	Pool *pgxpool.Pool
@@ -60,42 +71,113 @@ func (g *Generator) Render(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if g.SkipReload {
 		return nil
 	}
-	if err := exec.Command("nft", "-f", out).Run(); err != nil {
+	// nft -f via sudo — postinst installiert die NOPASSWD-Rule.
-		return fmt.Errorf("nftables: nft -f %s: %w", out, err)
+	cmd := exec.Command("sudo", "-n", "/usr/sbin/nft", "-f", out)
+	combined, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("nftables: nft -f %s: %w (output: %s)", out, err, strings.TrimSpace(string(combined)))
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
+// View is what the template consumes — fully resolved.
 type View struct {
+	ZoneIPv4 map[string][]string // zone name → iface names (ipv4-able)
 	PeerIPv4 []string
 	PeerIPv6 []string
-	// Custom rules grouped by chain — the template iterates each
+	// Legs is the cross-product of (rule × service). One nft line per
-	// section independently so input/forward/output stay separate.
+	// leg, expanded server-side so the template stays free of dict /
-	CustomRulesInput   []Rule
+	// sub-template trickery. A rule with N services produces N legs;
-	CustomRulesForward []Rule
+	// a rule with no service produces one leg with Service.Proto = "".
-	CustomRulesOutput  []Rule
+	Legs     []RuleLeg
+	NATRules []ResolvedNATRule
 }
 
-type Rule struct {
+// RuleLeg is one materialised nft policy line.
-	MatchExpr string
+type RuleLeg struct {
+	RuleID    int64
 	Action    string
+	Log       bool
+	Name      string
+	Comment   string
+	SrcIfaces []string
+	DstIfaces []string
+	SrcAddrs  []string
+	DstAddrs  []string
+	Service   ResolvedService // Proto="" → no service match (any)
+}
+
+// ResolvedRule has all addresses + services already expanded so the
+// template just emits one nft line per "leg" of the cross-product.
+type ResolvedRule struct {
+	ID       int64
+	Action   string  // accept | drop | reject
+	Log      bool
+	Name     string
+	Priority int
+
+	SrcIfaces []string  // empty = any
+	DstIfaces []string  // empty = any
+	SrcAddrs  []string  // each is an nft expression like "1.2.3.4" or "10.0.0.0/24" or "{ 1.2.3.4, 5.6.7.8 }"
+	DstAddrs  []string
+	Services  []ResolvedService // empty = any
 	Comment   string
 }
 
-func (g *Generator) loadView(ctx context.Context) (*View, error) {
+// ResolvedNATRule is one nat-rule joined with iface-sets.
-	view := &View{}
+type ResolvedNATRule struct {
+	ID       int64
+	Kind     string // dnat | snat | masquerade
+	Priority int
+	InIfaces []string
+	OutIfaces []string
+	Proto    string  // empty = any
+	SrcCIDR  string
+	DstCIDR  string
+	DPortStart, DPortEnd int
+	TargetAddr string
+	TargetPortStart, TargetPortEnd int
+	Comment  string
+}
 
-	// Peer IPs from ha_nodes — splits IPv4 vs IPv6 so the template
+// ResolvedService is one nft (proto, dport-spec) tuple.
-	// can populate the right named set without runtime branching.
+type ResolvedService struct {
+	Proto      string // tcp|udp|icmp|icmpv6
+	PortStart  int    // 0 = no port match
+	PortEnd    int
+}
+
+func (g *Generator) loadView(ctx context.Context) (*View, error) {
+	view := &View{
+		ZoneIPv4: map[string][]string{},
+	}
+
+	// ── Zone → Iface mapping aus network_interfaces.role ──
+	ifRows, err := g.Pool.Query(ctx,
+		`SELECT name, role FROM network_interfaces WHERE active = TRUE`)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query network_interfaces: %w", err)
+	}
+	for ifRows.Next() {
+		var name, role string
+		if err := ifRows.Scan(&name, &role); err != nil {
+			ifRows.Close()
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		view.ZoneIPv4[role] = append(view.ZoneIPv4[role], name)
+	}
+	ifRows.Close()
+
+	// ── Peer IPs aus ha_nodes (für mTLS-Peer-Set) ──
 	peerRows, err := g.Pool.Query(ctx,
 		`SELECT public_ip, internal_ip FROM ha_nodes`)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query ha_nodes: %w", err)
 	}
-	defer peerRows.Close()
 	for peerRows.Next() {
 		var pub, internal *string
 		if err := peerRows.Scan(&pub, &internal); err != nil {
+			peerRows.Close()
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		for _, ip := range []*string{pub, internal} {
@@ -113,16 +195,325 @@ func (g *Generator) loadView(ctx context.Context) (*View, error) {
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	if err := peerRows.Err(); err != nil {
+	peerRows.Close()
+
+	// ── Lade Address-Objects + Groups → ID → ResolvedAddr-list ──
+	addrObjs, err := g.loadAddrObjects(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	addrGroups, err := g.loadAddrGroups(ctx, addrObjs)
+	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	// Migration 0010 hat firewall_rules komplett umgebaut (Fortigate-
+	// ── Services + Groups ──
-	// Style mit address objects + service refs). Phase-2-Renderer
+	services, err := g.loadServices(ctx)
-	// kannte das alte chain/match_expr-Schema. Bis Task #44 die
+	if err != nil {
-	// Render-Logik mit den neuen Joins ersetzt, geben wir hier
+		return nil, err
-	// keine custom-Rules aus — Output ist nur baseline + cluster set.
+	}
-	// Sicher, weil baseline default-deny ist; v2-Rules kommen mit
+	serviceGroups, err := g.loadServiceGroups(ctx, services)
-	// dem nächsten Renderer-Patch.
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// ── Rules ──
+	rules, err := g.loadRules(ctx, addrObjs, addrGroups, services, serviceGroups, view.ZoneIPv4)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	// Expand to one Leg per (rule × service); rules without a service
+	// produce one leg with empty Proto.
+	for _, r := range rules {
+		if len(r.Services) == 0 {
+			view.Legs = append(view.Legs, RuleLeg{
+				RuleID: r.ID, Action: r.Action, Log: r.Log, Name: r.Name,
+				Comment: r.Comment,
+				SrcIfaces: r.SrcIfaces, DstIfaces: r.DstIfaces,
+				SrcAddrs: r.SrcAddrs, DstAddrs: r.DstAddrs,
+			})
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, svc := range r.Services {
+			view.Legs = append(view.Legs, RuleLeg{
+				RuleID: r.ID, Action: r.Action, Log: r.Log, Name: r.Name,
+				Comment: r.Comment,
+				SrcIfaces: r.SrcIfaces, DstIfaces: r.DstIfaces,
+				SrcAddrs: r.SrcAddrs, DstAddrs: r.DstAddrs,
+				Service: svc,
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ── NAT-Rules ──
+	natRules, err := g.loadNATRules(ctx, view.ZoneIPv4)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	view.NATRules = natRules
+
 	return view, nil
 }
+
+// addrObjMap is keyed by id; value is the nft expression for that
+// object (e.g. "1.2.3.4", "10.0.0.0/24", "1.2.3.4-1.2.3.10").
+type addrObjMap map[int64]string
+
+func (g *Generator) loadAddrObjects(ctx context.Context) (addrObjMap, error) {
+	out := addrObjMap{}
+	rows, err := g.Pool.Query(ctx,
+		`SELECT id, kind, value FROM firewall_address_objects`)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query address_objects: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var id int64
+		var kind, value string
+		if err := rows.Scan(&id, &kind, &value); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		switch kind {
+		case "host", "network":
+			out[id] = value
+		case "range":
+			// "1.2.3.4-1.2.3.10" → nft format identical
+			out[id] = value
+		case "fqdn":
+			// FQDNs are skipped at render-time — template emits
+			// a comment, the actual rule won't filter on these
+			// addresses until a DNS-resolution sidecar lands.
+			out[id] = "" // signals "skip"
+		}
+	}
+	return out, rows.Err()
+}
+
+// addrGroupMap is keyed by group id; value is the list of resolved
+// nft-expressions (one per primitive member).
+type addrGroupMap map[int64][]string
+
+func (g *Generator) loadAddrGroups(ctx context.Context, objs addrObjMap) (addrGroupMap, error) {
+	out := addrGroupMap{}
+	rows, err := g.Pool.Query(ctx,
+		`SELECT group_id, object_id FROM firewall_address_group_members`)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query address_group_members: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var gid, oid int64
+		if err := rows.Scan(&gid, &oid); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if expr, ok := objs[oid]; ok && expr != "" {
+			out[gid] = append(out[gid], expr)
+		}
+	}
+	return out, rows.Err()
+}
+
+type serviceMap map[int64]ResolvedService
+
+func (g *Generator) loadServices(ctx context.Context) (serviceMap, error) {
+	out := serviceMap{}
+	rows, err := g.Pool.Query(ctx,
+		`SELECT id, proto, COALESCE(port_start, 0), COALESCE(port_end, 0) FROM firewall_services`)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query services: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var id int64
+		var proto string
+		var ps, pe int
+		if err := rows.Scan(&id, &proto, &ps, &pe); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		out[id] = ResolvedService{Proto: proto, PortStart: ps, PortEnd: pe}
+	}
+	return out, rows.Err()
+}
+
+type serviceGroupMap map[int64][]ResolvedService
+
+func (g *Generator) loadServiceGroups(ctx context.Context, services serviceMap) (serviceGroupMap, error) {
+	out := serviceGroupMap{}
+	rows, err := g.Pool.Query(ctx,
+		`SELECT group_id, service_id FROM firewall_service_group_members`)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query service_group_members: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var gid, sid int64
+		if err := rows.Scan(&gid, &sid); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if svc, ok := services[sid]; ok {
+			out[gid] = append(out[gid], svc)
+		}
+	}
+	return out, rows.Err()
+}
+
+func (g *Generator) loadRules(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	addrObjs addrObjMap,
+	addrGroups addrGroupMap,
+	services serviceMap,
+	serviceGroups serviceGroupMap,
+	zoneIfaces map[string][]string,
+) ([]ResolvedRule, error) {
+	rows, err := g.Pool.Query(ctx, `
+SELECT id, COALESCE(name, ''), priority, action, log, COALESCE(comment, ''),
+       src_zone, src_address_object_id, src_address_group_id, src_cidr,
+       dst_zone, dst_address_object_id, dst_address_group_id, dst_cidr,
+       service_object_id, service_group_id
+FROM firewall_rules
+WHERE enabled
+ORDER BY priority DESC, id ASC`)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query rules: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	resolveSide := func(objID, grpID *int64, cidr *string) []string {
+		if objID != nil {
+			if expr, ok := addrObjs[*objID]; ok && expr != "" {
+				return []string{expr}
+			}
+		}
+		if grpID != nil {
+			if exprs, ok := addrGroups[*grpID]; ok {
+				return exprs
+			}
+		}
+		if cidr != nil && *cidr != "" {
+			return []string{*cidr}
+		}
+		return nil // any
+	}
+	resolveService := func(objID, grpID *int64) []ResolvedService {
+		if objID != nil {
+			if svc, ok := services[*objID]; ok {
+				return []ResolvedService{svc}
+			}
+		}
+		if grpID != nil {
+			if svcs, ok := serviceGroups[*grpID]; ok {
+				return svcs
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	out := []ResolvedRule{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var (
+			id                   int64
+			name, action, com    string
+			pr                   int
+			log                  bool
+			srcZone, dstZone     string
+			srcObjID, srcGrpID   *int64
+			dstObjID, dstGrpID   *int64
+			srcCIDR, dstCIDR     *string
+			svcObjID, svcGrpID   *int64
+		)
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&id, &name, &pr, &action, &log, &com,
+			&srcZone, &srcObjID, &srcGrpID, &srcCIDR,
+			&dstZone, &dstObjID, &dstGrpID, &dstCIDR,
+			&svcObjID, &svcGrpID,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		r := ResolvedRule{
+			ID:       id,
+			Action:   action,
+			Log:      log,
+			Name:     name,
+			Priority: pr,
+			Comment:  com,
+			SrcAddrs: resolveSide(srcObjID, srcGrpID, srcCIDR),
+			DstAddrs: resolveSide(dstObjID, dstGrpID, dstCIDR),
+			Services: resolveService(svcObjID, svcGrpID),
+		}
+		if srcZone != "any" {
+			r.SrcIfaces = zoneIfaces[srcZone]
+		}
+		if dstZone != "any" {
+			r.DstIfaces = zoneIfaces[dstZone]
+		}
+		out = append(out, r)
+	}
+	sort.SliceStable(out, func(i, j int) bool {
+		if out[i].Priority != out[j].Priority {
+			return out[i].Priority > out[j].Priority
+		}
+		return out[i].ID < out[j].ID
+	})
+	return out, rows.Err()
+}
+
+func (g *Generator) loadNATRules(ctx context.Context, zoneIfaces map[string][]string) ([]ResolvedNATRule, error) {
+	rows, err := g.Pool.Query(ctx, `
+SELECT id, priority, kind, COALESCE(comment, ''),
+       in_zone, out_zone, proto,
+       match_src_cidr, match_dst_cidr,
+       COALESCE(match_dport_start, 0), COALESCE(match_dport_end, 0),
+       COALESCE(target_addr, ''),
+       COALESCE(target_port_start, 0), COALESCE(target_port_end, 0)
+FROM firewall_nat_rules
+WHERE enabled
+ORDER BY priority DESC, id ASC`)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query nat_rules: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	out := []ResolvedNATRule{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var (
+			id          int64
+			pr          int
+			kind, com   string
+			inZone, outZone, proto, srcCIDR, dstCIDR *string
+			dpStart, dpEnd, tpStart, tpEnd int
+			targetAddr  string
+		)
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&id, &pr, &kind, &com,
+			&inZone, &outZone, &proto,
+			&srcCIDR, &dstCIDR,
+			&dpStart, &dpEnd,
+			&targetAddr, &tpStart, &tpEnd,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		r := ResolvedNATRule{
+			ID: id, Kind: kind, Priority: pr, Comment: com,
+			DPortStart: dpStart, DPortEnd: dpEnd,
+			TargetAddr: targetAddr,
+			TargetPortStart: tpStart, TargetPortEnd: tpEnd,
+		}
+		if proto != nil {
+			r.Proto = *proto
+		}
+		if srcCIDR != nil {
+			r.SrcCIDR = *srcCIDR
+		}
+		if dstCIDR != nil {
+			r.DstCIDR = *dstCIDR
+		}
+		if inZone != nil {
+			r.InIfaces = zoneIfaces[*inZone]
+		}
+		if outZone != nil {
+			r.OutIfaces = zoneIfaces[*outZone]
+		}
+		out = append(out, r)
+	}
+	return out, rows.Err()
+}

internal/firewall/firewall_test.go

@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-package firewall
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func renderView(t *testing.T, v View) string {
-	t.Helper()
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-	if err := tpl.Execute(&buf, v); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("template execute: %v", err)
-	}
-	return buf.String()
-}
-
-func TestRender_BaselineHasMandatorySections(t *testing.T) {
-	out := renderView(t, View{})
-	for _, w := range []string{
-		"flush ruleset",
-		"table inet edgeguard",
-		"set peer_ipv4",
-		"set peer_ipv6",
-		"chain input",
-		"type filter hook input priority 0; policy drop;",
-		"ct state established,related accept",
-		"iif lo accept",
-		"tcp dport 22 ct state new limit rate 10/minute accept",
-		"tcp dport { 80, 443 } accept",
-		"tcp dport 8443 ip  saddr @peer_ipv4 accept",
-		"chain forward",
-		"chain output",
-	} {
-		if !strings.Contains(out, w) {
-			t.Errorf("missing %q in baseline:\n%s", w, out)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestRender_PeerIPsPopulateSets(t *testing.T) {
-	v := View{
-		PeerIPv4: []string{"10.0.0.11", "10.0.0.12"},
-		PeerIPv6: []string{"fd00::1"},
-	}
-	out := renderView(t, v)
-	for _, w := range []string{
-		"elements = { 10.0.0.11, 10.0.0.12 }",
-		"elements = { fd00::1 }",
-	} {
-		if !strings.Contains(out, w) {
-			t.Errorf("missing %q:\n%s", w, out)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestRender_CustomRulesLandInChain(t *testing.T) {
-	v := View{
-		CustomRulesInput: []Rule{
-			{MatchExpr: "ip saddr 192.168.0.0/16 tcp dport 9090", Action: "accept", Comment: "monitoring"},
-		},
-		CustomRulesForward: []Rule{
-			{MatchExpr: "iif eth0 oif eth1", Action: "accept", Comment: "lan to wan"},
-		},
-	}
-	out := renderView(t, v)
-	want := []string{
-		"# monitoring",
-		"ip saddr 192.168.0.0/16 tcp dport 9090 accept",
-		"# lan to wan",
-		"iif eth0 oif eth1 accept",
-	}
-	for _, w := range want {
-		if !strings.Contains(out, w) {
-			t.Errorf("missing %q:\n%s", w, out)
-		}
-	}
-}

internal/firewall/ruleset.nft.tpl

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/sbin/nft -f
 # Generated by edgeguard-api — DO NOT EDIT.
-# Source: internal/firewall/firewall.go (template: ruleset.nft.tpl).
+# Source: internal/firewall/firewall.go.
-# Re-generate via `edgeguard-ctl render-config`.
+# Re-generate via `edgeguard-ctl render-config` or via API mutations.
 
 flush ruleset
 
@@ -22,6 +22,14 @@ table inet edgeguard {
     chain input {
         type filter hook input priority 0; policy drop;
 
+        # ── ANTI-LOCKOUT (immer aktiv, kann von keiner Custom-Rule overruled werden) ──
+        # nft input-chain wird top-down evaluiert; eine accept-Action terminiert.
+        # Diese Block kommt VOR den Custom-Rules — d.h. selbst wenn ein
+        # Operator versehentlich „drop alles" baut, bleibt SSH + Admin-UI
+        # erreichbar.
+        tcp dport 22  ct state new limit rate 10/minute accept comment "anti-lockout: SSH (rate-limited)"
+        tcp dport 443 accept comment "anti-lockout: Management-UI (HAProxy/HTTPS)"
+
         # Stateful baseline
         ct state established,related accept
         ct state invalid drop
@@ -31,39 +39,66 @@ table inet edgeguard {
         ip  protocol icmp   icmp   type { echo-request, destination-unreachable, time-exceeded, parameter-problem } accept
         ip6 nexthdr  icmpv6 icmpv6 type { echo-request, destination-unreachable, packet-too-big, time-exceeded, parameter-problem, nd-router-solicit, nd-router-advert, nd-neighbor-solicit, nd-neighbor-advert } accept
 
-        # SSH — rate-limit to keep brute-force out of the auth log
+        # Public ingress: HAProxy serves :80 (ACME + redirect)
-        tcp dport 22 ct state new limit rate 10/minute accept
+        tcp dport 80 accept
-        tcp dport 22 drop
-
-        # Public ingress: HAProxy terminates TLS on :443 and serves :80
-        tcp dport { 80, 443 } accept
 
         # Cluster-internal: peers reach edgeguard-api over mTLS on :8443
         tcp dport 8443 ip  saddr @peer_ipv4 accept
         tcp dport 8443 ip6 saddr @peer_ipv6 accept
 
-        {{- range .CustomRulesInput}}
+        # ── Operator-defined rules ──
-        # {{.Comment}}
+{{- range .Legs}}
-        {{.MatchExpr}} {{.Action}}
+        # rule {{.RuleID}}{{if .Name}} ({{.Name}}){{end}}{{if .Comment}} — {{.Comment}}{{end}}
+       {{- if .SrcIfaces}} iifname { {{join .SrcIfaces ", "}} }{{end -}}
+       {{- if .DstIfaces}} oifname { {{join .DstIfaces ", "}} }{{end -}}
+       {{- if .SrcAddrs}} ip saddr { {{join .SrcAddrs ", "}} }{{end -}}
+       {{- if .DstAddrs}} ip daddr { {{join .DstAddrs ", "}} }{{end -}}
+       {{- with .Service -}}
+       {{- if and (or (eq .Proto "tcp") (eq .Proto "udp")) .PortStart}} {{.Proto}} dport {{.PortStart}}{{if and .PortEnd (ne .PortEnd .PortStart)}}-{{.PortEnd}}{{end}}
+       {{- else if eq .Proto "icmp"}} ip protocol icmp
+       {{- else if eq .Proto "icmpv6"}} ip6 nexthdr icmpv6
+       {{- end -}}
+       {{- end -}}
+       {{- if .Log}} log prefix "edgeguard:{{.RuleID}} "{{end}} {{.Action}}
 {{- end}}
     }
 
     chain forward {
         type filter hook forward priority 0; policy drop;
+
         ct state established,related accept
         ct state invalid drop
-
-        {{- range .CustomRulesForward}}
-        # {{.Comment}}
-        {{.MatchExpr}} {{.Action}}
-        {{- end}}
     }
 
     chain output {
         type filter hook output priority 0; policy accept;
-        {{- range .CustomRulesOutput}}
+    }
-        # {{.Comment}}
+
-        {{.MatchExpr}} {{.Action}}
+    chain prerouting_nat {
-        {{- end}}
+        type nat hook prerouting priority -100;
+{{- range .NATRules}}{{if eq .Kind "dnat"}}
+        # NAT {{.ID}} (dnat{{if .Comment}} — {{.Comment}}{{end}})
+        {{- if .InIfaces}} iifname { {{join .InIfaces ", "}} }{{end}}
+        {{- if and .Proto (ne .Proto "any")}} {{.Proto}}{{else}} meta l4proto { tcp, udp }{{end}}
+        {{- if .SrcCIDR}} ip saddr {{.SrcCIDR}}{{end}}
+        {{- if .DstCIDR}} ip daddr {{.DstCIDR}}{{end}}
+        {{- if .DPortStart}} dport {{.DPortStart}}{{if and .DPortEnd (ne .DPortEnd .DPortStart)}}-{{.DPortEnd}}{{end}}{{end}}
+        {{- if .TargetAddr}} dnat to {{.TargetAddr}}{{if .TargetPortStart}}:{{.TargetPortStart}}{{if and .TargetPortEnd (ne .TargetPortEnd .TargetPortStart)}}-{{.TargetPortEnd}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}
+{{- end}}{{end}}
+    }
+
+    chain postrouting_nat {
+        type nat hook postrouting priority 100;
+{{- range .NATRules}}{{if eq .Kind "snat"}}
+        # NAT {{.ID}} (snat{{if .Comment}} — {{.Comment}}{{end}})
+        {{- if .OutIfaces}} oifname { {{join .OutIfaces ", "}} }{{end}}
+        {{- if .SrcCIDR}} ip saddr {{.SrcCIDR}}{{end}}
+        {{- if .TargetAddr}} snat to {{.TargetAddr}}{{end}}
+{{- end}}{{if eq .Kind "masquerade"}}
+        # NAT {{.ID}} (masquerade{{if .Comment}} — {{.Comment}}{{end}})
+        {{- if .OutIfaces}} oifname { {{join .OutIfaces ", "}} }{{end}}
+        {{- if .SrcCIDR}} ip saddr {{.SrcCIDR}}{{end}} masquerade
+{{- end}}{{end}}
     }
 }
+

internal/handlers/firewall.go

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 package handlers
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
 	"net"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@@ -35,6 +37,13 @@ type FirewallHandler struct {
 	NATRules      *firewall.NATRulesRepo
 	Audit         *audit.Repo
 	NodeID        string
+
+	// Reloader regenerates and applies the nft ruleset. Called after
+	// each mutation so the kernel ruleset is always in sync with the
+	// DB. Errors are logged but don't fail the API call (the row is
+	// already committed). Wire to internal/firewall.Generator.Render
+	// in main.go; pass nil during tests.
+	Reloader func(ctx context.Context) error
 }
 
 func NewFirewallHandler(
@@ -46,12 +55,27 @@ func NewFirewallHandler(
 	nat *firewall.NATRulesRepo,
 	a *audit.Repo,
 	nodeID string,
+	reloader func(ctx context.Context) error,
 ) *FirewallHandler {
 	return &FirewallHandler{
 		AddrObjects: ao, AddrGroups: ag,
 		Services: sv, ServiceGroups: sg,
 		Rules: rl, NATRules: nat,
 		Audit: a, NodeID: nodeID,
+		Reloader: reloader,
+	}
+}
+
+// reload runs the configured Reloader (if any). Errors don't fail
+// the surrounding API call — the DB row is already committed and
+// the operator can re-trigger via `edgeguard-ctl render-config`.
+func (h *FirewallHandler) reload(ctx context.Context, op string) {
+	if h.Reloader == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if err := h.Reloader(ctx); err != nil {
+		slog.Warn("firewall: nft reload failed",
+			"op", op, "error", err)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -145,7 +169,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) CreateAddrObj(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.addr_obj.create", req.Name, out, h.NodeID)
-	response.Created(c, out)
+	response.Created(c, out); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "create")
 }
 
 func (h *FirewallHandler) UpdateAddrObj(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -172,7 +196,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) UpdateAddrObj(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.addr_obj.update", req.Name, out, h.NodeID)
-	response.OK(c, out)
+	response.OK(c, out); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "update")
 }
 
 func (h *FirewallHandler) DeleteAddrObj(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -190,7 +214,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) DeleteAddrObj(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.addr_obj.delete",
 		strconv.FormatInt(id, 10), gin.H{"id": id}, h.NodeID)
-	response.NoContent(c)
+	response.NoContent(c); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "delete")
 }
 
 // ── Address Groups ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -233,7 +257,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) CreateAddrGrp(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.addr_grp.create", req.Name, out, h.NodeID)
-	response.Created(c, out)
+	response.Created(c, out); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "create")
 }
 
 func (h *FirewallHandler) UpdateAddrGrp(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -256,7 +280,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) UpdateAddrGrp(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.addr_grp.update", req.Name, out, h.NodeID)
-	response.OK(c, out)
+	response.OK(c, out); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "update")
 }
 
 func (h *FirewallHandler) DeleteAddrGrp(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -274,7 +298,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) DeleteAddrGrp(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.addr_grp.delete",
 		strconv.FormatInt(id, 10), gin.H{"id": id}, h.NodeID)
-	response.NoContent(c)
+	response.NoContent(c); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "delete")
 }
 
 // ── Services ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -317,7 +341,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) CreateService(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.service.create", req.Name, out, h.NodeID)
-	response.Created(c, out)
+	response.Created(c, out); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "create")
 }
 
 func (h *FirewallHandler) UpdateService(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -340,7 +364,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) UpdateService(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.service.update", req.Name, out, h.NodeID)
-	response.OK(c, out)
+	response.OK(c, out); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "update")
 }
 
 func (h *FirewallHandler) DeleteService(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -358,7 +382,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) DeleteService(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.service.delete",
 		strconv.FormatInt(id, 10), gin.H{"id": id}, h.NodeID)
-	response.NoContent(c)
+	response.NoContent(c); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "delete")
 }
 
 // ── Service Groups ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -401,7 +425,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) CreateSvcGrp(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.svc_grp.create", req.Name, out, h.NodeID)
-	response.Created(c, out)
+	response.Created(c, out); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "create")
 }
 
 func (h *FirewallHandler) UpdateSvcGrp(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -424,7 +448,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) UpdateSvcGrp(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.svc_grp.update", req.Name, out, h.NodeID)
-	response.OK(c, out)
+	response.OK(c, out); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "update")
 }
 
 func (h *FirewallHandler) DeleteSvcGrp(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -442,7 +466,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) DeleteSvcGrp(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.svc_grp.delete",
 		strconv.FormatInt(id, 10), gin.H{"id": id}, h.NodeID)
-	response.NoContent(c)
+	response.NoContent(c); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "delete")
 }
 
 // ── Rules ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -489,7 +513,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) CreateRule(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.rule.create", strconv.FormatInt(out.ID, 10), out, h.NodeID)
-	response.Created(c, out)
+	response.Created(c, out); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "create")
 }
 
 func (h *FirewallHandler) UpdateRule(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -516,7 +540,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) UpdateRule(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.rule.update", strconv.FormatInt(id, 10), out, h.NodeID)
-	response.OK(c, out)
+	response.OK(c, out); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "update")
 }
 
 func (h *FirewallHandler) DeleteRule(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -534,7 +558,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) DeleteRule(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.rule.delete",
 		strconv.FormatInt(id, 10), gin.H{"id": id}, h.NodeID)
-	response.NoContent(c)
+	response.NoContent(c); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "delete")
 }
 
 // ── NAT Rules ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -581,7 +605,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) CreateNAT(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.nat.create", strconv.FormatInt(out.ID, 10), out, h.NodeID)
-	response.Created(c, out)
+	response.Created(c, out); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "create")
 }
 
 func (h *FirewallHandler) UpdateNAT(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -608,7 +632,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) UpdateNAT(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.nat.update", strconv.FormatInt(id, 10), out, h.NodeID)
-	response.OK(c, out)
+	response.OK(c, out); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "update")
 }
 
 func (h *FirewallHandler) DeleteNAT(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -626,7 +650,7 @@ func (h *FirewallHandler) DeleteNAT(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 	_ = h.Audit.Log(c.Request.Context(), actorOf(c), "fw.nat.delete",
 		strconv.FormatInt(id, 10), gin.H{"id": id}, h.NodeID)
-	response.NoContent(c)
+	response.NoContent(c); h.reload(c.Request.Context(), "delete")
 }
 
 // ── Validators ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

management-ui/src/pages/Firewall/AddressGroups.tsx

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ export default function AddressGroupsTab() {
 
   return (
     <>
-      <Button type="primary" style={{ marginBottom: 16 }} onClick={() => {
+      <Button type="primary" className="mb-16" onClick={() => {
         setCreating(true); form.resetFields()
         form.setFieldsValue({ member_ids: [] })
       }}>

management-ui/src/pages/Firewall/AddressObjects.tsx

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export default function AddressObjectsTab() {
 
   return (
     <>
-      <Button type="primary" style={{ marginBottom: 16 }} onClick={() => {
+      <Button type="primary" className="mb-16" onClick={() => {
         setCreating(true); form.resetFields()
         form.setFieldsValue({ kind: 'host' })
       }}>

management-ui/src/pages/Firewall/NATRules.tsx

@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ export default function NATRulesTab() {
 
   return (
     <>
-      <Button type="primary" style={{ marginBottom: 16 }} onClick={() => {
+      <Button type="primary" className="mb-16" onClick={() => {
         setCreating(true); form.resetFields()
         form.setFieldsValue({ priority: 100, enabled: true, kind: 'dnat' })
       }}>

management-ui/src/pages/Firewall/Rules.tsx

@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ export default function RulesTab() {
 
   return (
     <>
-      <Button type="primary" style={{ marginBottom: 16 }} onClick={() => {
+      <Button type="primary" className="mb-16" onClick={() => {
         setCreating(true); form.resetFields()
         form.setFieldsValue({
           priority: 100, enabled: true, action: 'accept', log: false,
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ export default function RulesTab() {
             <Input placeholder="SSH von Office" />
           </Form.Item>
 
-          <Space size="middle" style={{ display: 'flex', flexWrap: 'wrap' }}>
+          <Space size="middle" className="flex-wrap">
             <Form.Item label={t('fw.rule.priority')} name="priority" rules={[{ required: true }]}>
               <InputNumber min={0} max={9999} />
             </Form.Item>
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ export default function RulesTab() {
             </Space>
           ))}
 
-          <Space size="middle" style={{ display: 'flex', flexWrap: 'wrap' }}>
+          <Space size="middle" className="flex-wrap">
             <Form.Item label={t('fw.rule.serviceKind')} name="service_kind" rules={[{ required: true }]}>
               <Select style={{ width: 120 }} options={(['any','object','group'] as const).map(k => ({ value: k, label: k }))} />
             </Form.Item>

management-ui/src/pages/Firewall/ServiceGroups.tsx

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ export default function ServiceGroupsTab() {
 
   return (
     <>
-      <Button type="primary" style={{ marginBottom: 16 }} onClick={() => {
+      <Button type="primary" className="mb-16" onClick={() => {
         setCreating(true); form.resetFields()
         form.setFieldsValue({ member_ids: [] })
       }}>

management-ui/src/pages/Firewall/Services.tsx

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ export default function ServicesTab() {
 
   return (
     <>
-      <Button type="primary" style={{ marginBottom: 16 }} onClick={() => {
+      <Button type="primary" className="mb-16" onClick={() => {
         setCreating(true); form.resetFields()
         form.setFieldsValue({ proto: 'tcp' })
       }}>

packaging/debian/edgeguard-api/DEBIAN/postinst

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ case "$1" in
         cat > /etc/sudoers.d/edgeguard <<'SUDOERS'
 edgeguard ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/systemctl reload haproxy.service
 edgeguard ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /bin/systemctl reload haproxy.service
+edgeguard ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/nft -f /etc/edgeguard/nftables.d/ruleset.nft
 SUDOERS
         chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/edgeguard